Composites for Automotive, Truck and Mass Transit

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History and Legislative Actions
1.3 The Case for Lightweighting
1.4 Technological Barriers
1.5 Advantages and Opportunities
1.6 Integral Factors
1.7 Summary
1.8 References

CHAPTER 2: POLYMER RESINS, ADDITIVES AND SANDWICH CORES FOR AUTOMOTIVE, MASS TRANSIT AND HEAVY TRUCKS
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Polymer Resins: Thermoset and Thermoplastic
2.3 Thermoset Polymer Composites
2.4 Thermoplastic Resins
2.5 Additives
2.6 Structural Foams and Core Materials
2.7 Summary
2.8 References

CHAPTER 3: REINFORCEMENTS FOR AUTOMOTIVE AND TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS
3.1 Reinforcing Fibers
3.2 Reinforcement Length Scales and Forms
3.3 Glass Fibers
3.4 Carbon or Graphite Fibers
3.5 Aramid (“Kevlar”) Fibers
3.6 High-Strength Polyolefin Fibers
3.7 Basalt Fibers
3.8 Summary
3.9 References

CHAPTER 4: MATERIAL FORMS FOR AUTOMOTIVE, HEAVY TRUCKS AND MASS TRANSIT
4.1 Need for Intermediate Material Forms
4.2 Preforming
4.3 Intermediate Material Form for Thermoplastic Composites
4.4 Summary
4.5 References

CHAPTER 5: DISCONTINUOUS REINFORCEMENT-BASED PROCESSES FOR AUTOMOTIVE AND TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS
5.1 Discontinuous Forms
5.2 Glass Mat Thermoplastic Composites (GMT)
5.3 Long Fiber Thermoplastics (LFT)
5.4 Sheet Molding Compound (SMC)
5.5 Compression Molding
5.6 Programmable Powdered Preform Process (P4)
5.7 Structural Foam Molding
5.8 Other Application Case Studies with Discontinuous Fiber Composites
5.9 Exterior
5.10 Interior
5.11 Lightweighting Fuel Cells
5.12 Summary
5.13 References

CHAPTER 6: CONTINUOUS FIBER REINFORCEMENT BASED PROCESSES FOR AUTOMOTIVE, HEAVY TRUCKS AND MASS TRANSIT
6.1 Continuous Fiber Composites
6.2 Preforming
6.3 Continuous Fiber Processes for Automotive and Transportation Applications
6.4 Application Case Studies with Continuous Fiber Reinforcements
6.5 Summary
6.6 References

CHAPTER 7: MECHANICS AND DESIGN TIPS
7.1 Test Methods and Specific Properties
7.2 Conversion Between Volume and Weight Fractions
7.3 Stiffness and Strength Prediction of Discontinuous and Continuous Fiber Composites
7.4 Stiffness Equivalency
7.5 Sandwich Composites
7.6 Ribbed LFT and Tape Reinforced LFT
7.7 Summary
7.8 References

CHAPTER 8: COMPOSITE MANUFACTURING PROCESS ANALYSIS FOR AUTOMOTIVE PARTS
8.1 Background
8.2 Production Requirements
8.3 Representative Part
8.4 Cost Analysis
8.5 Economic Benefit for the Material Supplier
8.6 Summary
8.7 References

CHAPTER 9: CARBON FIBER
9.1 Background
9.2 Challenges
9.3 Typical Properties of Automotive Carbon Fiber Composites
9.4 Carbon Fibers in Cars
9.5 Summary
9.6 References

CHAPTER 10: PERFORMANCE CARS
10.1 Background
10.2 Performance Cars
10.3 Hypercar
10.4 Futuristic Concept Cars
10.5 Race Motorbikes
10.6 Summary
10.7 References

CHAPTER 11: HEAVY TRUCKS AND MASS TRANSIT
11.1 Commercial Motor Vehicles (CMVs)
11.2 Role of Composites in Mass Transit
11.3 Composite Subelements for Mass Transit
11.4 Summary
11.5 References

CHAPTER 12: JOINING AND ADHESIVES
12.1 Joining and Bonding Strategies
12.2 Adhesive Bonding
12.3 Fusion Bonding/Welding
12.4 Joining in Automotive and Transportation Components
12.5 Summary
12.6 References

CHAPTER 13: BIOCOMPOSITES, RECYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
13.1 Need for Environmentally Friendly Materials
13.2 History
13.3 Regulations
13.4 Green Materials/Natural Fibers
13.5 Bio-Resins and Nanoclay Modified Resins
13.6 Nanocomposites
13.7 Intermediate Forms
13.8 Examples of Natural Fiber and Biocomposite Automotive Parts
13.9 Recycled Composite Scrap for Transportation
13.10 Summary
13.11 References

CHAPTER 14: OVERALL SUMMARY
14.1 Overall Trends
14.2 Opportunities and Challenges

Index