Micro and Nanoparticles in Papermaking

Preface
List of Contributors

CHAPTER 1: MICROPARTICLE PROGRAMS FOR DRAINAGE AND RETENTION

• Introduction
• Types of Microparticles
• Polymers Used with Microparticles
• Mechanistic Aspects of Microparticles Systems

CHAPTER 2: CATIONIC MICROPARTICLES IN PAPERMAKING WET END

• Introduction
• Inorganic Cationic Microparticles in Papermaking
• Polymeric Cationic Microparticles for Papermaking
• Cationic Microparticles as Sizing Agents
• Summary
• References

CHAPTER 3: COLLOIDAL SILICA

• Introduction
• First Generation Product
• The Second Generation
• The Third Generation
• Latest Generations

CHAPTER 4: COLLOIDAL SILICA APPLICATION

• Retention
• Drainage
• Increased Productivity
• Improved Strength
• Porosity
• The Colloidal Silica Tool
• Bibliography

CHAPTER 5: ORGANIC “MICROPARTICLES”

• Evolution of Organic Microparticle Mechanism
• Three-Dimensional Constrained Structure as “Microparticle”
• Organic Microparticle Types
• References

CHAPTER 6: HECTORITE MICROPARTICLE SYSTEMS

• Introduction
• Smectite Clays
• Hectorite Clays
• Use of Coagulants and Flocculants with Hectorite
• Effects of Hectorites on Retention, Drainage, and Formation
• Use of Synthetic Hectorite
• Acknowledgements
• References

CHAPTER 7: DUAL POLYMER RETENTION SYSTEM

• History of Dual Polymer Retention Systems
• Definitions
• Dual Polymer Systems
• Choice of Dual Polymer System
• Effects of Dual Polymer System on Retention, Drainage, and Formation
• Advantages of Dual Polymer Systems
• Feed Systems for Dual Polymer Applications
• Effect of Furnish on Dual Polymer Systems
• Effect of Fillers on Dual Polymer Systems
• Effect of Basis Weight on Dual Polymer Systems
• Effect of Paper Machine Type and Setup on Dual Polymer Systems
• Evaluation of Dual Polymer Systems in the Laboratory
• Evaluation of Dual Polymer Systems in the Paper Mill
• Dual Polymer Systems in Acid Papermaking
• Dual Polymer Systems in Neutral/Alkaline Papermaking
• Avoiding Problems with Dual Polymer Systems
• Examples of Dual Polymer Systems
• Use of Cationic Coagulants to Neutralize Anionic Charge in Waste Paper
• Use of Cationic Coagulants and Cationic Flocculant Dual Polymer
• Future for Dual Polymer Systems
• Acknowledgements
• References

CHAPTER 8: CLAY MINERALS

• Introduction
• Structure and Composition of Clays
• Retention/Drainage/Formation
• Acknowledgements
• Literature
• Appendix

CHAPTER 9: THE MECHANISM OF MICROPARTICLES IN DRAINAGE AND RETENTION: TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OBSERVATIONS

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Transmission Electron Microscopy as a Tool to Examine Flocculation
• Experimental
• The Interactions of Microparticles with Anchored cPAM
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References

Index