Structural Health Monitoring in Sensor-Integrated Smart Composites

Preface

Chapter 1. An Overview of Structural Health Monitoring
1.1. Introduction

Chapter 2. Piezoelectric Sensors
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Piezoelectric Constitutive Equations
2.3. Electric Polarization and Ferroelectric Characterization of Piezoelectric Materials
2.4. Curie Temperature in Piezoelectric Materials
2.5. Effects of Temperature: Depolarization and Ferroelectric Decay
2.6. Effect of Loading on Piezoelectric Characteristics
2.7. Summary

Chapter 3. Optical Fiber Sensors
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Fiber Bragg Grating
3.3. Intensity Modulated Optical Sensors
3.4. Polarimetric Optical Fiber Sensors
3.5. Interferometric Optical Fiber Sensors
3.6. Fabry-Pérot Interferometers (FPI)
3.7. Mach-Zehnder Interferometers (MZI)
3.8. Michelson Interferometers (MI)
3.9. Sagnac Interferometers (SI)
3.10. Summary

Chapter 4. Piezoresistive Sensors
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Principles and Working Mechanism
4.3. Silicon-based Piezoresistive Materials
4.4. Carbon-based Piezoresistive Materials
4.5. Summary

Chapter 5. Textile Embeddable Carbon Fiber/Polymer Piezoresistive Sensors: Case Study I
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Fabrication Method
5.3. Conductivity and Percolation Threshold
5.4. Piezoresistivity in Cyclic Loading
5.5. Sensor Sensitivity
5.6. Piezoresistive Non-linearity: Piezoresistivity Transition
5.7. Electrical and Mechanical Relaxation
5.8. Piezoresistivity in Tensile Load
5.9. Mechanism of Piezoresistivity
5.10. Summary

Chapter 6. Graphene Coated Spandex Sensors for Health Monitoring Applications: Case Study II
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Experimental
6.3. Electrical Conductivity of SpX/GnP Sensors
6.4. Mechanical Response of Sensors Coated with Stretchable Sheaths: PDMS versus SR
6.5. Structural Characterization of SpX/GnP/SR Sensor
6.6. Piezoresistive Characteristics of Sensors
6.7. Summery

Chapter 7. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in Composite Materials
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Composite Degradations Due to Embedding Sensors
7.3. Integration of Optical Fiber Sensors with Composite Materials
7.4. Structural Health Monitoring through Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
7.5. Summary

Chapter 8. Mechanical Characterization of Woven Composite Fabrics: The Effect of Imperfections
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Bias Extension Test
8.3. Picture Frame Test
8.4. Imperfections in Picture Frame Test
8.5. Sources of Imperfection in Conventional Setups
8.6. Analytical Formulation
8.7. Oriented Fabric Misplacement
8.8. Incoincidence of the Clamping Edge and Ideal Shear Frame
8.9. Frame/Fabric Shear Angle Mismatch
8.10. Summary

Chapter 9. Sensor Integrated Frameless Picture Frame Test for Test Health Monitoring
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Conventional Picture Frame Shearing Test Set-up with Embedded Sensor
9.3. A New Frameless Shearing Test Set-Up with Embedded Sensor
9.4. A New Integrated Frameless Shearing Test Set-up with Embedded Sensor
9.5. The Fixtureless Shearing Tests versus Conventional Approaches
9.6. Severe Deformation Mechanisms: Wrinkling Patterns and Yarn Bending Close to Arms
9.7. Comparing the Normalized Force-Shear Angle Behaviors
9.8. Application of Sensors to the Woven Composites for Test Health Monitoring
9.9. Attaching the Sensors to the Fabric
9.10. Sensor Response to Repeated Loading in the Conventional Picture Frame Test
9.11. Comparing Local Deformations in Conventional versus Frameless Picture Frame Tests
9.12. Summary

References
Index